The term National Socialism equally refers to a movement, an ideology, and a system of governance. It is closely linked to World War II and the Holocaust. The years between 1933 and 1945 shaped the 20th century and cast their shadow well into the present. National Socialism is a central topic in upper secondary education and in the higher grades of lower secondary education. This volume presents the era in a language that is understandable for students and in an easily accessible structure. The latest research findings are taken into account, as well as current scientific controversies. Basic knowledge on controversial topics includes the knowledge that students must possess according to the curricula, covers the central themes of upper secondary education and the higher grades of lower secondary education, and aids in the resolution of presentations.