Engagement with art does not replace theory in critical theory, as has often been claimed. However, it can complement theoretical understanding by addressing the relationship between morality and happiness or suffering. This is exemplified by the model of individual failures of human subjects in their pursuit of a successful and 'correct' life, which is systematically obstructed under modern societal conditions. Thus, art opens up an experience of the individual and the contradictory that is not theoretically accessible. This theme is explored in the present volume with reference to philosophy (Maxi Berger), literature (Berthold Wendt), conceptual art (Claudia Kalsz), visual arts (Martin Bchsel), music (Helmut Lachenmann), as well as politics and society (Peter Bulthaup). The volume initiates a series of writings from the Peter Bulthaup Archive, dedicated to the interdisciplinary discussion of fundamental principles of critical thinking. Peter Bulthaup (1934-2004) was a student of Adorno and Horkheimer and most recently taught philosophy in Hanover.