I cannot give a reliable answer because a "minimum" depends on the load. So it may be that when the load falls below a certain value, in combination with an unfavourable position of the arm and a person who still pushes the monitor down (adjusts the height), the load on the table or the foot becomes too great.

I can tell you, however, that I use just less than the maximum (highest stability) because I bump up against the cable management thingies. For me it's about 8.8cm or just under 9cm and I'm missing about 3-4mm.
If you only have 7.5cm or less available, I feel a bit queasy.
9cm and above should fit without any problems.

Alternatively, you could probably drill a hole in the table, if you don't already have one, and mount the monitor that way. The radius/diameter is certainly standardised. But here too: no guarantee for my information.