Students will find answers to central questions of upper secondary physical education in this textbook. The book contains 224 application tasks, including material-based exam questions for each lesson, supplemented by 103 worksheets, a glossary, a bibliography, and numerous informational texts that can be downloaded for free as PDF files. This way, the textbook assists them in preparing for exams, oral assessments, and writing a research paper. For teachers, this textbook serves as a didactic guide for physical education in upper secondary school. It takes into account all the content focuses of the basic and advanced sports courses and offers various aids and suggestions to support the independence and judgment of students in the context of scientific preparatory work in the gymnasium's upper grades. In this expanded third edition, the lessons on training theory have been completely revised and particularly supplemented with basic biological knowledge on conditioning training, as well as information on training control and warming up and cooling down in sports. In the movement theory section, alongside biological prior knowledge related to movement, the Closed-Loop Model of movement coordination according to Schnabel and the concept of differential learning have been included in the textbook. Furthermore, the third edition includes sections on sports injuries, nutrition-related substitution and supplementation, as well as Olympism and Olympic education.